Certified Residential Appraiser Practice Exam

What does the term "substructure" refer to?

1. The above-ground part of a building

2. The portion of a building that is above ground

3. The foundation and support of a building

4. The garden area surrounding a building

The correct answer is: The foundation and support of a building

The term "substructure" refers to the components that lie beneath the ground level of a building. This includes the foundation and any supporting elements that provide stability to the above-ground structure. The substructure is crucial because it bears the load of the entire building and helps distribute weight evenly to prevent settlement and structural issues. Understanding the distinction between the substructure and other parts of a building is essential in construction and appraisal. The above-ground portions, such as the walls and roof, are referred to as the superstructure, which does not include foundational elements. Thus, recognizing the substructure's role in supporting the building's integrity is vital for appraisers who assess property value and structural safety.